|
Andrea Salsedo (21 September 1881 – 3 May 1920) was an Italian anarchist whose death caused controversy as it was caused by a fall from the Justice Department's Bureau of Investigation (BOI) offices on 15 Park Row in New York City. Depending on the source, his death was either a suicide〔David Felix, ''Protest: Sacco-Vanzetti and the Intellectuals'' (1965), 75-76, 80〕 or a homicide;〔McCormick, Charles H., ''Hopeless Cases, The Hunt For The Red Scare Terrorist Bombers'' (2005), Lanham Maryland: University Press of America, p. 60〕 nevertheless, the case was widely debated both for its unclear nature and for its consequences on the Bureau and was one of the premises of the Sacco and Vanzetti case.〔(The Sacco-Vanzetti Case ), University of Pennsylvania〕〔''Sacco e Vanzetti uccisi con la «sedia elettrica».'', ''La Stampa'', April 15, 1981, p. 5.〕 ==Biography== Andrea Salsedo was born in Pantelleria, in the Italian region of Sicily. A committed anarchist since his youth, he soon became involved in local politics, and was part of the anarchist club Circolo Sociale founded by Luigi Galleani, who was in Pantelleria as he had been exiled there. In those years, Salsedo became a personal friend of Galleani. On November 11, 1900, he was tried because of subversive views he had expressed in a letter published in ''L'Avvenire Sociale'', a newspaper published in Messina; the trial, however, did not lead to any conviction. Salsedo then decided to move to the United States, and after a brief period in Tunisia he arrived in New York City in 1910. There he met his friend Galleani and supported him in the creation and distribution of his magazine ''Cronaca Sovversiva''. Salsedo also wrote a number of articles for the magazine. The Justice Department of New York included Salsedo in a list of anarchists who fled to Mexico in order to avoid military service.〔Kurt Vonnegut, ''Jailbird'', Random House, 2011, pp. 175-176.〕 The list also included Nicola Sacco, Bartolomeo Vanzetti, Roberto Elia and Luigi Galleani. All anarchists who were part of Galleani's acquaintances, who were also called ''Galleanists'', were put under surveillance, as they were considered dangerous and possible terrorists. On 25 February 1920 Salsedo, who was working in the Canzani Printshop as a typesetter at the time, was arrested and brought to the BOI offices on Park Row. Salsedo was considered as one of the writers of radical pamphlet ''Plain Words''. At the BOI offices, Salsedo was harshly interrogated and was denied the right to phone his lawyer and his family. According to some sources, he stayed in the offices for eight weeks,〔Licia Pinelli; Piero Scaramucci, ''Una storia quasi soltanto mia'', Feltrinelli, 2009, p. 141.〕 incommunicado.〔Philip Dray, ''There is Power in a Union'', Random House, 2010, p. 408.〕 On 3 May 1920, his body was found on the pavement in front of the BOI offices: he had fallen from the 14th floor. How Salsedo died is still unclear. Some sources say that he got up at night, silently walked across the room and jumped out the window, killing himself.〔Ackerman, Kenneth: ''Young J. Edgar: Hoover and the Red Scare 1919-1920'', 2011, Chapter 40.〕 According to Roberto Elia, Salsedo could have suicided for fear of betraying other fellow anarchists.〔 The ''Boston Herald'' reported that before dying, Salsedo gave names of other terrorist plotters.〔Stevan Chermak; Frankie Bailey, ''Crimes and Trials of the Century'', 2007, p. 23.〕 Other sources, on the contrary, say that Salsedo was severely beaten numerous times during his interrogations,〔Michael Newton, ''The Encyclopedia of Unsolved Crimes'', Infobase, 2009, p. 9.〕 and was ultimately killed by officers, who hurled him out the window.〔 Salsedo's death happened just two days prior to Sacco and Vanzetti's arrest. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Andrea Salsedo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|